Defective Majorana zero modes in a non-Hermitian Kitaev chain

Topological stability is an important property for topological materials. However, the non-Hermitian effects may change this situation. Here, we investigate robustness of edge states in Kitaev chain with imbalanced tunneling term and a superconducting pairing term. By defining similarity Majorana zero modes (MZMs) magnetic factor, coalescing phase diagram MZMs corresponding spin polarization are provided. Because coalescence effect suppression induced by breakdown sublattice symmetry particle-hole symmetry, system emerges very interesting phenomena, such as defective MZMs, number-anomalous bulk-boundary correspondence, many-body ground states, crossover without gap closing. Those offer fresh insights into physics.